The theme of Symbolism and War in Persepolis - Free Essay Example

Every war has millions of stories, and people who lived through it all tell the best ones. Persepolis refers to the ancient capital of the Persian Empire, published in the United States in 2003, is a graphic autobiography novel by the Iranian author, Marjane Satrapi. Satrapi details her experience and life before, during and after the Iranian Revolution and the Iran and Iraq war. Satrapi also includes political and cultural events that helped shape her into the women she is today. The novel begins after the Islamic revolution had started, when Satrapi is only 10 years old. Women were forced to wear the Veil, girls and boys were placed in separate schools, and entertainment activities such as music, playing cards or even having posters of singers were banned. Satrapi, goes by Marji in the book, and her family werent happy about all the changes. Her family was considered modern and secular. Satrapi got in trouble many times throughout the first chapters because of her rebellious acts so her family sent her to Austria. After going through tough times in Austria, Satrapi went back to Iran. She got married and shortly after getting divorced then moved to France for good. Satrapis Persepolis is a fascinating book that illustrates many rhetorical strategies, but the four that affected me the most were her use of imagery, syntax, irony and symbolism. The use of these devices made her story come to life. One of the many rhetorical devices Satrapi uses is Imagery; she uses both visual and verbal imagery. Satrapi uses many visual imagery examples throughout the story since its a graphic novel but the strongest example is when her hometown, Tahran, got bombed. Satrapi was out with a friend shopping when she heard it on the radio. She ran as fast as possible to get home and make sure her house and family were okay. When she made it home, she found out that her mother was home alone at the time and the bomb didnt hit their house. Her mother told her that the bomb destroyed their neighbors house, Baba-Levys. While walking home with her mother, Satrapi looks at the destroyed house and sees an arm with a purple bracelet under a pile of bricks. Starapi immediately remembers her neighbors daughter Neda and looks away, then says, No scream in the world could have relieved my suffering and anger. (Strapi 142) Starapi chose to draw this panel with nothing but a black image to describe her overwhe lming pain and sadness. An example of verbal imagery is when Satrapis parents come home after a long day of protesting against the shah, she describes her parents by saying, After marching and throwing stones all day, by evening they had aches all over, even in their heads.(Satrapi 18) This quote shows how worn out and exhausted her parent were due to all the horrible changes in their country. A second rhetorical technique Satrapi uses is Syntax. Syntax is the grammatical use of words to make well-formed sentences. An example of syntax in Persepolis is when Satrapi was a young girl and realized the differences between the social classes, she said, The reason for my shame and for the revolution is the same: the difference between social classes. (Satrapi 33) Satrapi uses a colon to make her readers feel as if they have made the realization with her. Another use of syntax is when Satrapi was explaining how Iranian felt about the shah, she wanted to create a playful tone by using a colon, she said, The people wanted only one thing: his departure! So finally.. (Satrapi 41) then we see a picture of the Shah, his soldiers and protesters indicating that he left. A third rhetorical device Satrapi uses in Persepolis is irony. Irony is used to describe how things seem and how they really are. There are three different types of Irony, verbal Irony, situational irony and dramatic irony. An example of dramatic irony in Persepolis is when the shah gets dethroned; the United States refused to give him a shelter when they were his biggest supporters when he was still a ruler. Satrapi also uses situational irony when she told the story of her parents and wine in the The Wine chapter. She explains that during the Islamic revolution, people were not allowed to party or drink but her family and friends still did it. One day, her family went to celebrate her newborn cousin. On the way back home, the police stopped them and asked them if they have been drinking, Satrapis father denied it. The police decided to follow them home and search it for any banned items. So when the family got home, Satrapi and her grandmother ran upstairs and got rid of all the wi ne. Satrapis father ended up bribing the police officer and made him leave. After the police had left, Satrapis father wanted alcohol badly but ironically, Satrapi and her grandmother got rid of it all. Another use of situational irony is in the The Passport chapter. Satrapi and her family went to visit her aunt. While they were there, her aunts husband started smoking so his wife got mad at him and asked him to stop smoking because he has had two heart attacks in the past, but her aunts husband said, The stress I get from every gunshot I hear is much worse for me than the cigarettes. (Satrapi 118) Ironically, he gets hospitalized few days later due to his fear from a grenade that his neighborhood and dies. The last and the most important rhetorical device Satrapi uses in Persepolis is Symbolism. Symbolism is the use of symbols to illustrate ideas by giving them important meanings that are different from their natural or exact definition. Starapi uses many examples of symbolism in her novel. One of the most important symbols is her bed. Satrapi mentions her bed many times throughout her story. Its where she does most of her thinking in the novel. We see it through her moments of change and maturing. The bed could symbolize a better world for Satrapi as well as her mind and thoughts. The cigarette in the The Cigarette chapter is also a great use of symbolism. In this chapter, Satrapi makes new friends and ends up skipping class with them. Her mother finds out and gets mad at Satrapi. Satrapi being upset goes down to the basement. While Satrapi is in the basement thinking about all the horrible things going on in her country; she finds a cigarette and smokes it then she says, With this fi rst cigarette I kiss childhood goodbye. (Satrpai 117) The cigarette symbolizes Satrapis independence but it also symbolizes her own act of rebellion against whats going on in her country as well as against her mother who thinks Satrapi was a child still. Another important use of symbolism in Persepolis is the veil. We are introduced to the veil in the very first chapter The Veil. The chapter explains how women and young girls were forced to wear the veils. Satrapi as a young girl, and her friends didnt like wearing the veil simply because they didnt understand why they had to wear it. Wearing the veil wasnt a choice, it was obligated and a set law by the government, all females had to wear it. Satrapis family was modern and didnt like to wear the veil. Satrapi and her mother would only wear it when they go out to avoid getting in trouble, but would not wear it at home. She says, I really didnt know what to think about the veil. Deep down I was very religious, but as a family we were very modern and avant-garde. (Satrapi 6) As time went by, the veil became even more of a big of a deal to the government. Satrapis mother went through an awful and terrible experience because of it. Satrapis mothers car broke down, while waiting for Satra pi and her father to come and get her, she was stopped and insulted by two men because she wasnt wearing the veil. Satrapis mother said, They insulted me. They said that women like me should be pushed up against a wall and raped then thrown in the garbage, and that if I didnt want that to happen, I should wear the veil. (Satrapi 74) The veil in Persepolis symbolizes the abuse and persecution of women and covering their freedom and voice. It also symbolizes the oppressive Iranian government. Satrapis Persepolis is a great book filled with cheerfulness, sorrow and moments of childhood in a world where children were forced to do things they didnt want to do and didnt understand why they had to do it. Where kids had to grow up sooner than the rest of the world. War is a hard subject to write about, but with Satrapis great use of rhetorical strategies, such as imagery, irony, syntax and symbolism, it gave the novel a playful and cheerful tone.

Market Society - 1668 Words

Xiaoxi Chen Chen 1 Professor Cameron Johnston AP/SOSC1140 12 February 2015 The Great Transformation to Market Society We are living in market society, which is so different from previous societies. In market society, the whole of society is a system of self-regulating market (Polanyi 43). In order to make the market society function, people need to think and act in certain ways(Polanyi 68). For example, people in market society think that economic relations are much more important than interpersonal relations (Polanyi 44). Polanyi calls the emergence of market society â€Å"the great transformation†. My thesis statement is that the shift to market society is a†¦show more content†¦In contrast, the economy within societies based on tradition lies on procedures designed in the past and maintained by shared customs and beliefs which are extremely powerful (Helibroner 8). For a society based on commands, there is always an imposed authority or an economic command. The economic problems are solved according to the commanderâ€⠄¢s decisions (Helibroner 10). This is the very first time in human beings’ history that economy is run by markets, making the transformation to market society appear to be unprecedented (Polanyi 43). What also characterizes market society is the emergence of the concept of â€Å"fictitious commodities†. Fictitious commodities refer to labor, land, and money (Polanyi 72). â€Å"fictitious† implies that they are actually not commodities (Polanyi 72). They are turned into commodities for the effective operation of market society (Polanyi 72). In market society, everything is provided as a commodity. As the major elements of industry, labor, land , and money need to be provided for maintaining productivity and they can only be provided when they are on the market for sale (Polanyi 72). Differently, â€Å"Under the feudalism and the gild system land and labor formed part of the social organization itself † (Polanyi 69). Land were crucial for feudal order, sta tus and function of which â€Å"were determined by legal and customary Chen 3 rules† (Polanyi 69).Show MoreRelated Markets and Society Essay2077 Words   |  9 PagesMarkets and Society In his famous book, The Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith descried the free market system as a self-regulating mechanism, which maximizes society’s wealth and well-being. Indeed, since the time of Adam Smith, the free market has been an incredibly successful system for improving society. This can be attributed to an increase in overall wealth, innovation, and efficient resource allocation. Unfortunately, the market system also suffered numerous drawbacks, the most important beingRead MoreThe Shift from Traditional Societies to a Market Society1012 Words   |  5 Pagesconditions are integral components of a market society, which interacted and changed the ways we view market society today. 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In order to describe the importance of this farmers market, Smithers et al (2008), provide a definitionRead MoreWhole Foods Markets : Business And Society3257 Words   |  14 PagesWhole Foods Markets Business and Society Mohammed Abujabal, Audrey Bingaman, Michael Fassl, Alyssa Marshall, Sarah McCaw, Courtney Reiley April 20, 2015 Company History The origin of Whole Foods Market began as a small natural food store under the name Safer Way Natural Foods in Austin, Texas, in 1980. As interest in the natural food movement quickly grew, Safer Way soon merged with another local natural grocer. This union was called Whole Foods Market (â€Å"Newsroom,†Read MoreMarket Society1582 Words   |  7 Pagesconsisting of various job titles from health care, transportation to real-estate. However, this array of options was not always the case. The world we know of today has transitioned into a market economy. Polayni’s definition of market economy is â€Å"a self-regulating system of markets. It is an economy directed by market prices† (Polayni, 43). To elaborate, this means every product is controlled by supply and demand, and the price is not determined by the government. Differing from today, in the past theRead MoreA Free Market Is Governed By Ethan Watters s Rent Seeking And The Making Of An Unequal Society845 Wor ds   |  4 PagesA free market allows businesses to compete among themselves without restrictions in hopes of encouraging competitive pricing and earning honest success. In this sense, a free market is governed almost entirely by ethics. But without restrictions, businesses can choose to collectively participate in unethical actions which would make the market corrupt and faulty. As evident in Ethan Watters The Mega-Marketing of Depression in Japan, Michael Moss The Extraordinary Science of Addictive Junk

The Medieval period started at the fifth century and end...

The Medieval period started at the fifth century and end around the fourteenth century. Many historical events took place during this era such as the collapse of the roman empire, deaths of millions from the bubonic plague, a shift in paradigm for european’s world view, trade routes through europe, and the Norman’s conquest. The Roman church became very powerful and dictated peoples live through religion. During this time period, Kings and Queens while working alongside Christianity, gave society the worldview of feudalism. Due to feudalism and fear of sinning against the church, human civilization had hit a roadblock and made no new discoveries in scientific advancements and technology. Humanism broke most of the chains from the medieval†¦show more content†¦Men began to go to college to become lawyers, doctors, and fan out into other great and intellectual fields. Artists and writers began to have other worldly themes then past artists who were mostly all re ligious base. Individualism began to also emerge and gave the human civilization an another world view. People began to improve themselves and strive for more than what they were born with or into. Feudalism began to become a thing of the past. Society believed that education was need to give a individual creativity and well-roundedness. Their education was based primarily on the study of language, grammar, history, music, astronomy, literature, and mathematics. The renaissance didn’t really began to make a strong foundation for itself until the Henry VIII became king. Due to the increasing acceptance to the renaissance era, humanism, and the noticeability of the corruption of the church. The church decided to enter a phase of reformation. In the past, people came to the church to challenge its role in society but each and every challenge was turned down. Until Martin Luther nailed a paper to the church door called the ninety five theses. The ninety five theses was composed of the many different things and ideas that were wrong with church such as the corruption within its walls. Royalty defiance was also another one of the many pushers for the reformation. Many oaths were suggested between the church and royalty regarding who would have what final say inShow MoreRelatedHuman Primates, Humans, And Humans1679 Words   |  7 PagesHumans evolve from apelike ancestors approximately five million years ago. Most closely related to us are our non-human primates such as African great apes, chimpanzees and gorillas. Scientific studies reveal that more si milar traits are being share by human and our non-human primates compared to other animals. As human evolve from our apelike ancestors, changes in our DNA differentiate ourselves from our non-human primate. 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Summary Great Depression - 1445 Words

Phillip Durgin March 10th, 2016 G Block History Great Depression DBQ As â€Å"prosperity s decade† came to a symbolically harsh and sudden end on Thursday, October 24, 1929, the United States government, led by President Herbert Hoover, was thrown into the unknown. No such downturn had ever presented itself before, which compounded itself with the lack of economic understanding present at the time. Yet it had seemed that the economy was healthy before the crash. Employment was high and inflation was low. Yet these conditions only served as a mirage for many Americans. As industrialists became wealthy using new age technology and selfish business methods, 70 million people lived below the poverty line. Many of these men and women lived in†¦show more content†¦Unemployment would skyrocket, coinciding with a massive decrease in industrial production. The country was in shambles, unable to find a way out of its economic woes. The newly elected Franklin D. Roosevelt saw his contemporary Hoover fail to stop the recessio n with his conservative policies. Believing in voluntary organization and community service, Hoover feared that federal relief programs would create a culture of dependency. What he did not recognize was that the vast size of the nation s problems had made the idea of rugged individualism inadequate. Roosevelt did not want to repeat the mistakes of the former president, instead believing that he alone must expand executive power while carrying out a policy of experimentation. He would directly lend a hand to the forgotten man, implementing bold and controversial acts in order to spur the economy. Roosevelt, although not quelling the Depression completely, effectively expanded the role of government in order to address his nation’s struggles and provide relief, recovery, and reform for the millions affected by the downturn. One such example of his efforts to relieve the burdens of the Depressions in rural America was the creation of the Tennessee Valley Authority. Even before this program, The New Deal attacked problems facing those affected by failing industry head on. Rural electrification programs were created, changing life in the country forever, as for theShow MoreRelatedPresident Fdr : A Nation s Economic Status Is A Great Responsibility That Its Government Has1259 Words   |  6 Pages2016 Resident President Keeping a country’s economic status is a great responsibility that its government has. In America during the 1930’s, the Great Depression spreads its economic disease to Americans, and as a result, many citizens become jobless and homeless. While Americans are under economic depression, little has been done by the government to ameliorate the situation. 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The Importance Of The MLS Program - 866 Words

Briefly state the reason for your request. Attach additional pages if necessary: (Continued) I am requesting a reconsideration because I believe that I’ve had an extenuating circumstance. A series of events have happened to cause me to be in my current situation which will be explained in the next section. After spending a year in the MLS program, I learned the importance of the position and its importance to the health care field causing me to reaffirm my belief that I chose the right major. Later recently visiting Somalia during the famine and visiting countless hospitals it has shown me how much the skills this program teaches could help my people out. Whether it’s the array of misdiagnosing or lack of capable staff or constant†¦show more content†¦Many of my relatives have called accusing that most of the relief aid sent by people, families and governments never reach the people because the money and food would be given to the middle man (organization and businesses) and in most cases never to be seen. They told us if we cared enough to help then o ur only option was being direct helping on the ground. With the situation of my grandfather dying and the possible outcome of never being able to see him again, coupled with my relatives virtually starving to death since their main source of income was live stocks. In my opinion, I was basically given the chose of ignoring their cries for help and staying put or doing what the MLS program advocates and help people. *Death certificate and flight tickets attached to the email I have reread the handbook countless times and completely understood that once year four begins all year three courses and prerequisites must be passed with a C and above. I also know that I failed to complete the prerequisites of Organic Chemistry 1 because I received a C-. After doing some research I found some options that are possible moving forward if you choose to reconsider me. Option 1: Since the reason that the prerequisites are required is because these are classes that are needed to make sure that you can handle the coursework in the MLS program. 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Analysis Of Frank And Juliette s Music - 1836 Words

Frank and Juliette, both discussed their own spiritual experiences, or version of as being related to music. This presents the idea that music,in some ways, could be a secular alternative to religious practices and understandings or simply a way of experiencing spirituality in secular spheres. Frank:†¦ listen to songs where I’ve felt emotions and feelings that run past the specific context of the song †¦ this applies to more of my life than it should†¦ a lot of people have had that with music†¦ Ideas of transcendence and deep personal connection are apparent here. Juliette: Concert, not a gig †¦ a concert where you’ve been a fan for ages. There’s all these people, you’re all in the same vibe†¦ this person that you like, idolised. . . Florence and The Machine, her music is very spiritual†¦ it’s really deep...and relatable. . . . I don’t know if I’d call myself spiritual because I go to concerts and feel deep about it. . . . I guess [I listen to music] pretty much every day . . . If you compare it to religion, is like praying every day and then going to Church. So like, listening to music every day and then going to the concert. Initiation into a subculture, reflects initiation into religious rituals, thus, similar themes of spirituality emerge. Participants can accept or reject concepts of spirituality upon attending a subcultural gig. This is the space where individuals are most likely to engage with meaning in the music, captivate feelings and create memories and connectionsShow MoreRelatedMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 PagesOxford University Press, 1974. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-226-52130-3 (pbk.) 1. Motion pictures—Semiotics. 2. Motion pictures— Philosophy. I. Title. PN1995.M4513 1991 791.43 014—dc20 90-46965 C1P The French edition of Christian Metz s Essais sur la signification au cinema, volume 1, was published by Editions Klincksieck in 1971,  © Editions Klincksieck, 1968. ÃŽËœThe paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences-Permanence

Business Statistics Report Prevelance and Alternatives

Question: Describe about the Business Statistics Report for Prevelance and Alternatives. Answer: Introduction This report presents the statistics from the data supplied by the Ordinary Peoples Bank. This report presents a number of key findings apart from presenting the summary statistics of all the key 6 variables. It is important to point out that random sample of 50 observation were selected and all the calculation was based on this sample observations. Analysis Descriptive Statistics The first variable for which we present the descriptive statistics is transaction (in whole dollars). The mean of the observation is 7,700 dollars. The median is 8,000 dollars. The mode is 10,000 dollars. The graphical representation has been presented in Appendix 1. The next variable for which the summary account is presented is Open Account. Essentially, in my sample there were 5 individuals with accounts not opened whereas the remaining individuals totaling 45 had accounts opened. The graphical representation has been presented in Appendix 2. The mean of balance in the dollars of the sample is 606.14. The median of the balance is 390. The mode of balance is 0. The graph of the Account balance in dollars has been presented in Appendix 3. The mean age of the sample is 60 years. The median age of the sample is 61 years. The mode age of the sample is 51 years. The graph of the age has been presented in Appendix 4. The sex of the sample has been categorized as 1 for males and 0 for females. The associated graph has been shown in the Appendix 5. The type of account is characterized as 1 for Visa and 0 for both savings and cheque. The associated graph has been shown in Appendix 6 (Isotolo, n.d). Confidence Interval The average age of account holders for the open accounts only is 60 years. The lower bound of the age for 95% confidence interval is 56.33. The upper bound of the age for 95% confidence interval is 63.17. In other words, it can be said with 95% confidence that the average age of the true sample (which includes 1000 observation, in our case) lies between 56.33 and 63.17. The relevant calculation has been shown in Appendix 6 (Thompson, 2011). The true mean of age from the full data is 58 years. Hence, the fact that the true mean falls within the confidence interval bounds is verified. The average total transaction dollars for all accounts is 7,770. The lower bound of the total transaction dollars for 95% confidence interval is 6975.95. The upper bound of the total transaction dollar for 95% confidence interval is 8564. The relevant calculation has been shown in Appendix 7. The true mean of total transaction from the full data is 8022 dollars. Hence, the fact that the true mean falls within the confidence interval bounds is verified (Reyna, 2010). Hypothesis Testing Difference of Mean for Account Balance between Male and Female A hypothesis test was performed in order to test if there is a difference in mean value of accounts between male and female. The hypothesis clearly indicates that the mean value of account balance for both males and females is the same. More details are given in Appendix 8. Difference of Mean for Average Transaction Dollar for Visa and Non-Visa A hypothesis test was performed in order to test if there is a difference in mean value of average transaction dollar between Visa and Non-Visa. The hypothesis clearly indicates that the mean value of account balance for both Visa and Non-Visa is the same. More details are given in Appendix 9 (Paiva, n.d). Correlation and Regression The scatterplot of the diagram has been displayed below. The x axis represents the age and Y axis represents the transaction. The linear regression model will take the form given below The coefficient of determination of this regression model is 47.20%. In other words, 47% of the variation in transaction is explained by age. Age has negative relationship with transaction (in dollars). In other word, an increase in age by one unit decreases the transaction by 114.91 dollars. Essentially, decrease in age leads to an increase in transaction (in dollars). See Appendix 10 for the Output Table. The coefficient of correlation is -0.47 between these two variables. See Appendix 11 for the Output Table. The hypothesis that was conducted revealed that the coefficient is statistically different from zero. Check Appendix 12 for the Output Table (Anderson, 2000). Conclusion A number of key findings has been derived from the report. The most important finding was that age has negative relationship with transaction. The bank should make an attempt at finding out the reasons that leads to this negative relationship. In fact, the transaction of individuals should increase with age but in this case it does not. References Anderson, D., 2000. Null Hypothesis Testing. Problems, Prevalence and Alternatives. Journal of Wildlife Management, 64(4), pp. 912-923. Isotolo, J., n.d. Basic Statistics. University of Helsinki, [online]. Available at: https://www.mv.helsinki.fi/home/jmisotal/BoS.pdf [Accessed 25 October 2016]. Paiva, A., n.d. Hyothesis Testing. University of Utah, [online]. Available at: https://www.sci.utah.edu/~arpaiva/classes/UT_ece3530/hypothesis_testing.pdf [Accessed 25 October 2016]. Reyna, O., 2010. Data Preparation and Descriptive Statistics. Princeton University, [online]. Available at: https://www.princeton.edu/~otorres/DataPrep101.pdf [Accessed 25 October 2016]. Thompson, G., 2011. Hypothesis Testing for Difference of Population Parameters. Hypothesis Test Difference, [online]. Available at: https://wiki.stat.ucla.edu/socr/uploads/3/32/thomson_socr_econ261_hypothesisdifferencemeans_viii.pdf [Accessed 25 October 2016].